全國霧霾頻發(fā)原因分析

時間：2015-12-22作者：深圳市海德隆光電科技有限公司瀏覽：80

	山西TT高臭氧紫外線燈/整理
Shanxi TT high ozone ultraviolet 
light / finishing


	12月19日8時30分，中國氣象局啟動重大氣象災(zāi)害（霾）三級應(yīng)急響應(yīng)。*氣象臺19日18時發(fā)布霾橙色預(yù)警，同時環(huán)保部與中國氣象局繼續(xù)聯(lián)合發(fā)布京津冀及周邊地區(qū)重污染天氣預(yù)報(bào)：預(yù)計(jì)，19日夜間至23日，北京大部、天津西部、河北中南部、山東西部、山西南部、河南中北部等地將有持續(xù)重污染天氣，其中，北京南部、河北中南部、山東西部、河南北部等地部分時段可達(dá)嚴(yán)重污染。
8:30 
on December 19th, China Meteorological Bureau launched a major meteorological 
disasters (haze) three emergency response. The central meteorological station 
18, 19 issued orange haze warning. At the same time, environmental protection 
department and the China Meteorological Administration continue to jointly 
issued in Beijing, Tianjin and surrounding areas of heavy pollution weather 
forecast: it is estimated that, 19 night to 23, Beijing, Tianjin west, central 
and Southern Hebei, western Shandong, southern Shanxi, Northern Henan and other 
places will have sustained heavy pollution weather, among them, Beijing 
Southern, middle and south of Hebei Province, in the west of Shandong Province, 
in Northern Henan periods up to serious 
pollution.

而**日，北京市已經(jīng)在相隔十天后，再次啟動空氣重污染紅色預(yù)警。自11月以來，京津冀霧霾頻發(fā)，多地藍(lán)色、黃色、橙色、紅色預(yù)警齊齊亮相。據(jù)氣象部門統(tǒng)計(jì)顯示，11月以來京津冀地區(qū)出現(xiàn)3次大范圍霧霾天氣過程，分別發(fā)生在11月12日—14日、11月27日—12月1日、12月6日—10日。
The 
day before, Beijing city has been separated by ten days, once again re start the 
red warning of air pollution. Since November, Beijing, Tianjin and haze 
frequent, and more blue, yellow, orange, red alert Qi Qi debut. According to the 
meteorological department statistics show that since November, Beijing, Tianjin 
and Hebei region has 3 large scale haze weather process, respectively, in 
November 12th - 14, November 27th - December 1st, December 6th - 10 
days.

長期來看，霧霾形成當(dāng)然離不開日積月累的燃煤污染、汽車尾氣排放、工業(yè)污染等貢獻(xiàn)，但近期霧霾頻發(fā)，不利的氣象因素也起了重要作用。
In 
the long run, the haze formation course is inseparable from the accumulation of 
coal-burning pollution, automobile exhaust emissions, industrial pollution and 
other contributions, but the recent frequency of haze, adverse weather factors 
also played a 
role.

國家氣候中心*分析，平均風(fēng)速小、小風(fēng)日數(shù)多，易造成污染物在近地面層積聚，“缺風(fēng)”是霧霾猖獗的首要原因，而且冬季“缺風(fēng)”幾乎已是近年來的常態(tài)，與近5年同期相比，今年尤甚。
National 
Climate Center for expert analysis, mean wind speed, wind, multiple, easy cause 
pollutants in the near surface layer accumulation, "lack of wind" is the primary 
cause of rampant haze, and in the winter the lack of wind "is almost normal in 
recent years, and over the same period in the last five years compared, 
particularly this 
year.

再者，空氣相對濕度大，也為霧霾滋長提供了溫床。京津冀地區(qū)平均相對濕度73.8％，較常年同期（61.0％）偏高21％；其中，北京平均相對濕度70.9％，較常年同期（52.2％）偏高36％。相對濕度大，易造成污染物吸濕增長，加速污染物的化學(xué)轉(zhuǎn)化。11月30日京津冀地區(qū)相對濕度達(dá)到80％至90％，致使空氣污染程度迅速加重。
Moreover, 
the relative humidity of the air, but also to provide a breeding ground for the 
growth of haze. Beijing, Tianjin region, the average relative humidity of 73.8%, 
compared with the same period (61%) on the high side of 21%; of which, the 
average relative humidity of 70.9%, compared with the same period (52.2%) over 
the same period 36%. The relative humidity is big, easy to cause the pollution 
of the moisture absorption, the acceleration of the chemical conversion of 
pollutants. November 30th Beijing, Tianjin and the relative humidity of 80% to 
90%, resulting in a rapid increase in the degree of air 
pollution.

大氣流通本可在一定程度上驅(qū)散霧霾，但近期京津冀偏偏趕上靜穩(wěn)天氣多，大氣環(huán)境容量總體偏差。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，11月以來，京津冀地區(qū)平均大氣環(huán)境容量較近10年同期偏低18％，北京偏低24％。11月27日—30日，北京市大氣環(huán)境容量較近10年同期偏小86％，平均混合層高度僅為124米。大氣環(huán)境容量小、混合層高度低，大氣對污染物的清除能力大幅度降低，致使大氣污染物不斷累積，空氣質(zhì)量出現(xiàn)連續(xù)3天嚴(yán)重污染和1天重度污染。12月6日—10日大氣環(huán)境容量較近10年同期偏低89％。
Atmospheric 
circulation can be to some extent to disperse the haze, but recently, Beijing, 
Tianjin and Hebei are just to catch up with the static and stable weather, the 
overall atmospheric environmental capacity. According to statistics, since 
November, the average atmospheric environment capacity of Beijing, Tianjin and 
Hebei region over the same period in the past 10 years, the low 18%, Beijing low 
24%. November 27th - 30, Beijing City, the atmospheric environmental capacity of 
the same period in the past 10 years, the average mixed layer height of only 124 
meters. The atmospheric environmental capacity is small, the mixed layer height 
is low, the air pollution capacity of the pollutant is reduced, which leads to 
the accumulation of air pollutants, the air quality is 3 days in a row and 1 
days of severe pollution. December 6th - 10, the atmospheric environment 
capacity is relatively low in the past 10 years, 
89%.

除此之外，不利主導(dǎo)風(fēng)向的傳輸作用加重污染程度。前兩次重污染過程期間，不僅地面風(fēng)速小，而且低層大氣盛行東南風(fēng)氣流，這使得外源污染物向京津冀一帶輸送，反倒加重了污染程度。
In 
addition, the adverse leading direction of the transmission of the role of 
pollution levels. During the first two heavy pollution process, not only the 
surface wind speed is small, but also the low level of the atmosphere is 
prevailing in the southeast, which makes the transportation of exogenous 
pollutants to Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei area, but also increased the pollution 
degree.

氣象*表示，盡管厄爾尼諾的持續(xù)發(fā)展對京津冀霧霾天氣多發(fā)沒有直接的影響，但可以通過影響副熱帶高壓系統(tǒng)和東亞冬季風(fēng)強(qiáng)度等對中高緯大氣環(huán)流系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生影響，使得冷空氣活動少、強(qiáng)度偏弱，不利于大氣污染物擴(kuò)散的氣象條件隨之增多。
Meteorological 
experts said that although El Nino's sustainable development of Beijing, Tianjin 
and haze weather multiple no direct effect, but can affect the in the mid high 
latitude atmospheric circulation system through the influence of the subtropical 
high system and East Asian winter monsoon intensity, the cold air activity, 
strength of the weak, is not conducive to the weather conditions of atmospheric 
pollutants diffusion is 
increased.

國家氣候中心預(yù)計(jì)，今年冬季，華北氣溫明顯**常年同期，華北南部降水偏少2—5成、局地偏少5成以上，華北、黃淮、江淮等地霧霾日數(shù)較常年同期將明顯偏多。
National 
Climate Center is expected this year, North China temperatures were 
significantly higher than the same period of the year, the South China 
precipitation is less than 2 - 5 into, local 5 into more than, North China, 
Huang Huai, and other places haze days over the same period will be 
significantly more than the same period.


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